Asia e ikarabella bakeng sa boholo ba 'maraka oa lefats'e oa ho koahela likepe tsa leoatleng ka lebaka la ho bokellana ha indasteri ea kaho ea likepe Japane, Korea Boroa le Chaena.
Mmaraka oa ho koahela likepe tsa leoatleng linaheng tsa Asia o 'nile oa laoloa ke litsi tse matla tsa ho haha likepe tse thehiloeng tse kang Japane, Korea Boroa, Singapore le Chaena. Lilemong tse 15 tse fetileng, kholo indastering ea ho haha likepe India, Vietnam le Philippines e fane ka menyetla e meholo bakeng sa bahlahisi ba ho koahela likepe tsa leoatleng. Coatings World e fana ka kakaretso ea 'maraka oa ho koahela likepe tsa leoatleng Asia tšobotsing ena.
Kakaretso ea 'Maraka oa Liaparo tsa Leoatleng Sebakeng sa Asia
Kaha e hakanngoa ho USD$3,100 milione qetellong ea 2023, 'maraka oa ho penta ka metsing o hlahile e le karolo ea bohlokoa ea indasteri ea pente le ho penta ka kakaretso lilemong tse leshome le metso e mehlano tse fetileng.
Asia e ikarabella bakeng sa boholo ba 'maraka oa lefats'e oa ho koahela likepe ka lebaka la ho bokellana ha indasteri ea kaho ea likepe Japane, Korea Boroa.
le Chaena. Likepe tse ncha li etsa 40-45% ea kakaretso ea liphahlo tsa likepe tsa metsing. Litokiso le tlhokomelo li etsa hoo e ka bang 50-52% ea kakaretso ea 'maraka oa liphahlo tsa likepe tsa metsing, ha likepe/likepe tsa boithabiso li etsa 3-4% ea 'maraka.
Jwalo ka ha ho boletswe serapeng se fetileng, Asia ke setsi sa indasteri ya lefatshe ya ho kwahela lewatle. Kaha e na le karolo e kgolo ya mmaraka, sebaka sena se na le matlo a matla a ho haha dikepe le bahlodisani ba bangata ba batjha.
Sebaka sa Bochabela bo Hōle - ho kenyeletsoa Chaena, Korea Boroa, Japane le Singapore - ke sebaka se matla indastering ea ho roala likepe tsa leoatleng. Linaha tsena li na le liindasteri tse matla tsa kaho ea likepe le khoebo e kholo ea likepe tsa leoatleng, e leng se etsang hore ho be le tlhoko e kholo ea ho roala likepe tsa leoatleng. Tlhokahalo ea ho roala likepe tsa leoatleng linaheng tsena e lebelletsoe ho ngolisa sekhahla se tsitsitseng sa kholo nakong e khuts'oane le e mahareng.
Likhoeling tse leshome le metso e 'meli tse fetileng (Phupu 2023-Phuptjane 2024), thekiso ea liphahlo bakeng sa likepe tse ncha e eketsehile haholo, ka lebaka la ho hlaphoheloa ha tlhoko ho tsoa Chaena le Korea Boroa. Thekiso ea liphahlo tsa tokiso ea likepe e eketsehile haholo, karolo e 'ngoe e bakoa ke litlhoko tse eketsehileng tsa likepe ho fokotsa mesi ea CO2, ho latela melao ea mafura a leoatleng.
Ho busa ha Asia kahong ea likepe le ka lebaka leo ka ho koahela likepe tsa leoatleng ho nkile lilemo tse mashome ho finyelloa. Japane e bile lebotho la lefats'e la kaho ea likepe ka bo-1960, Korea Boroa ka bo-1980 le Chaena ka bo-1990.
Jwale dijarete tse tswang Japane, Korea Borwa le Chaena ke dibapali tse kgolo ka ho fetisisa karolong e nngwe le e nngwe ya tse nne tse kgolo tsa mmaraka: dikepe tsa ditanka, dijari tse kgolo, dikepe tsa dikhonteinara le dikepe tse tswang lewatleng tse kang dipolatefomo tsa tlhahiso le polokelo tse phaphametseng le dikepe tsa ho ntjhafatsa kgase ya LNG.
Ka setso, Japane le Korea Boroa li fane ka theknoloji e phahameng le botšepehi ha li bapisoa le Chaena. Leha ho le joalo, ka mor'a matsete a maholo indastering ea eona ea kaho ea likepe, Chaena joale e hlahisa likepe tse betere likarolong tse rarahaneng haholoanyane joalo ka likepe tse kholo haholo tsa lijana tsa li-unit tse lekanang tsa maoto a 20 (TEU) tse 12,000-14,000.
Bahlahisi ba ka Sehloohong ba Liaparo tsa Leoatleng
'Maraka oa ho koahela likepe tsa metsing o batla o kopantsoe, ka libapali tse etellang pele tse kang Chugoku Marine Paints, Jotun, AkzoNobel, PPG, Hempel, KCC, Kansai, Nippon Paint, le Sherwin-Williams tse ikarabellang bakeng sa karolo e fetang 90% ea karolo eohle ea 'maraka.
Ka kakaretso ea thekiso ea li-NOK tse limilione tse 11,853 (liranta tse limilione tse likete tse 1.13) ka 2023 ho tsoa khoebong ea eona ea likepe, Jotun ke e 'ngoe ea bahlahisi ba bangata ka ho fetisisa lefatšeng ba liaparo tsa likepe tsa likepe. Hoo e ka bang 48% ea liaparo tsa likepe tsa khamphani li rekisitsoe linaheng tse tharo tse kholo Asia - Japane, Korea Boroa le Chaena - ka 2023.
Ka thekiso ea lefats'e ea €1,482 milione ho tsoa khoebong ea eona ea ho roala metsing ka 2023, AkzoNobel ke e 'ngoe ea bahlahisi le bafepedi ba kholo ka ho fetisisa ba ho roala metsing.
Batsamaisi ba AkzoNobel ba boletse tlalehong ea bona ea selemo le selemo ea 2023, "Ho tsoela pele ho ntlafala ha khoebo ea rona ea ho roala likepe tsa leoatleng ho boetse ho hlokomelehile ka lebaka la tlhahiso e matla ea lets'oao, boiphihlelo ba tekheniki le ho tsepamisa maikutlo ho botsitso. Ho sa le joalo, re thehile boteng ba rona 'marakeng oa likepe o hahiloeng bocha Asia, re shebane le likepe tsa tekheniki, moo litsamaiso tsa rona tsa Intersleek tse sebetsang hantle li fanang ka phapang ea 'nete. Intersleek ke tharollo ea ho ntša litšila e se nang biocide e fanang ka poloko ea mafura le mesi e kotsi bakeng sa beng le basebetsi 'me e thusa ho tšehetsa litabatabelo tsa indasteri tsa ho tlosa khabone."
Chugkou Paints e tlalehile thekiso yohle ya di-yen tse dimilione tse 101,323 (didolara tse dimilione tse 710) ho tswa dihlahisweng tsa yona tsa ho maneha tsa lewatle.
Linaha tse Ncha tse Khannang Tlhokahalo
Ho fihlela joale, 'maraka oa Asia oa ho koahela likepe o laoloang ke Japane, Korea Boroa le Chaena, o ntse o bona tlhoko e tsitsitseng ho tsoa linaheng tse 'maloa tsa Boroa-bochabela ba Asia le India. Tse ling tsa linaha tsena li lebelletsoe ho hlaha e le litsi tse kholo tsa kaho le tokiso ea likepe nakong e mahareng le e telele.
Vietnam, Malaysia, Philippines, Indonesia le India ka ho khetheha ho lebelletsoe hore li tla bapala karolo ea bohlokoa kholong ea indasteri ea ho koahela likepe tsa leoatleng lilemong tse tlang.
Mohlala, indasteri ea likepe ea Vietnam e phatlalalitsoe e le lekala la bohlokoa ke mmuso oa Vietnam 'me e mothating oa ho ba e' ngoe ea libaka tse kholo ka ho fetisisa tsa ho haha likepe le ho lokisa likepe Asia. Tlhoko ea liaparo tsa likepe tsa leoatleng ho pholletsa le likepe tsa likepe tsa lehae le tsa kantle ho naha tse koalletsoeng koung ea Vietnam e lebelletsoe ho hola haholo lilemong tse 'maloa tse tlang.
“Re atolositse sebaka sa rona Vietnam ho kenyeletsa le dikobo tsa lewatle,” ho boletse Ee Soon Hean, motsamaisi kakaretso, Nippon Paint Vietnam, e thehileng setsi sa tlhahiso Vietnam ka 2023. “Khōlo e tsoelang pele lefapheng la likepe e fella ka katoloso ea libaka tsohle tse kholo tsa ho haha le ho lokisa likepe naheng. Ho na le li-yard tse kholo tse tšeletseng ka leboea, tse tšoanang ka boroa le tse peli Vietnam bohareng. Phuputso ea rona e bontša hore ho na le likepe tse ka bang 4,000 tse tla hloka likobo, ho kenyeletsoa tse hahiloeng bocha le li-tonnage tse seng li ntse li le teng.”
Lintlha tsa Taolo le Tikoloho ho Ntlafatsa Tlhoko ea ho Koahela Leoatleng
Mabaka a taolo le a tikoloho a lebelletsoe ho tsamaisa tlhoko le ho eketsa boleng ba indasteri ea ho koahela likepe tsa leoatleng lilemong tse tlang.
Ho ya ka Mokgatlo wa Matjhaba wa Dikepe (IMO), indasteri ya dipalangwang tsa lewatle hona jwale e ikarabella bakeng sa 3% ya kgase e tswang lefatsheng. Ho lwantsha sena, indasteri ena jwale e sutumelletswa ke mebuso, balaodi ba matjhaba le setjhaba ka kakaretso ho hlwekisa ketso ya yona.
IMO e hlahisitse molao o fokotsang le ho fokotsa likhase tse silafatsang moea le leoatle. Ho tloha ka Pherekhong 2023, likepe tsohle tse fetang lithane tse 5,000 li lekantsoe ho latela Letšoao la Khabone la IMO (CII), le sebelisang mekhoa e tloaelehileng ho bala likhase tse silafatsang likepe.
Liaparo tsa li-hull li hlahile e le sebaka sa bohlokoa sa ho tsepamisa maikutlo bakeng sa lik'hamphani tsa likepe le bahlahisi ba likepe ho fokotsa litšenyehelo tsa mafura le mesi e tsoang. Sekepe se hloekileng se fokotsa khanyetso, se felisa tahlehelo ea lebelo 'me ka hona se boloka mafura le ho fokotsa mesi e tsoang. Litšenyehelo tsa mafura hangata li emela pakeng tsa 50 le 60% ea litšenyehelo tsa ts'ebetso. Morero oa GloFouling oa IMO o tlalehile ka 2022 hore beng ba ka boloka chelete e fihlang ho USD 6.5 milione ka sekepe litšenyehelong tsa mafura nakong ea lilemo tse hlano ka ho amohela tlhoekiso ea pele ea sekepe le propeller.
Nako ea poso: Pulungoana-13-2024
