Merero e mecha indastering ea oli le khase ea Russia, ho kenyeletsoa shelefong ea Arctic, e ts'episa kholo e tsoelang pele 'marakeng oa lehae bakeng sa liphahlo tse thibelang ho bola.
Seoa sa COVID-19 se tlisitse tšusumetso e kholo, empa e na le phello ea nakoana 'marakeng oa lefatše oa li-hydrocarbon. Ka Mmesa oa 2020, tlhokeho ea oli ea lefats'e e ile ea theola boemo bo tlase ho tloha ka 1995, ea theola theko ea boleng ba Brent crude ho isa ho $28 barrel ka mor'a ho phahama ka potlako ha phepelo ea oli e setseng.
Ka nako e 'ngoe, theko ea oli ea US e bile e mpe ka lekhetlo la pele nalaneng. Leha ho le joalo, liketsahalo tsena tse makatsang li bonahala li sa emise tšebetso ea indasteri ea oli le khase ea Russia, kaha tlhoko ea lefats'e ea li-hydrocarbon e lebelletsoe ho khutla kapele.
Mohlala, IEA e lebelletse hore tlhokeho ea oli e tla khutlela maemong a pele ho koluoa hang ka 2022. Kholo ea tlhokeho ea khase - leha ho theotsoe rekoto ka 2020 - e lokela ho khutla ka nako e telele, ho isa bohōleng bo itseng, ka lebaka la ho potlakisa mashala a lefats'e ho ea ho-. ho fetola khase bakeng sa ho fehla matla.
Linatla tsa Russia e leng Lukoil, Novatek le Rosneft, le tse ling li rera ho thakhola merero e mecha sebakeng sa ho ntšoa ha oli le khase lefatšeng le shelofong ea Arctic. Mmuso oa Russia o bona ts'ebeliso ea libaka tsa eona tsa polokelo ea Arctic ka LNG e le khubu ea Leano la ona la Matla ho fihlela 2035.
Boemong bona, tlhokahalo ea Serussia ea li-anti-corrosive coatings e boetse e na le ponelopele e khanyang. Kakaretso ea thekiso karolong ena e ne e le liranta tse limilione tse likete tse 18.5 ka selemo sa 2018 (liranta tse limilione tse 250), ho latela lipatlisiso tse entsoeng ke sehlopha sa ho nahana se thehiloeng ho Moscow Discovery Research Group. Liaparo bakeng sa Rub7.1 limilione tse likete ($ 90 milione) li ile tsa kenngoa Russia, le hoja ho kenngoa karolong ena ho atisa ho fokotseha, ho latela bahlahlobisisi.
Setsi se seng sa boeletsi se thehiloeng Moscow, Concept-Center, se hakantse hore thekiso ea 'maraka e pakeng tsa lithane tse 25 000 le 30,000 ka tsela ea 'mele. Ka mohlala, ka 2016, 'maraka oa tšebeliso ea li-anti-corrosive coatings Russia o ne o hakanngoa ho Rub 2,6 limilione tse likete (liranta tse limilione tse 42). Ho lumeloa hore 'maraka o ntse o hola ka mokhoa o tsitsitseng lilemong tse fetileng ka lebelo le tloaelehileng la liperesente tse peli ho isa ho tse tharo ka selemo.
Barupeluoa ba 'maraka ba bonts'a ts'epo, tlhoko ea liphahlo karolong ena e tla eketseha lilemong tse tlang, leha litlamorao tsa seoa sa COVID-19 ha li so fokotsehe.
"Ho ea ka likhakanyo tsa rona, tlhoko e tla eketseha hanyane [lilemong tse tlang]. Indasteri ea oli le khase e hloka li-anti-corrosion, tse thibelang mocheso, tse thibelang mollo le mefuta e meng ea liphahlo ho kenya ts'ebetsong merero e mecha. Ka nako e ts'oanang, tlhoko e fetohela ho li-polyfunctional coatings tsa lera le le leng. Ehlile, motho a ke ke a iphapanyetsa litlamorao tsa seoa sa coronavirus, seo, ka tsela, ha se e-so fele, "ho boletse Maxim Dubrovsky, motsamaisi-kakaretso oa moetsi oa liaparo oa Russia Akrus. Tlas’a ponelo-pele e se nang tšepo, kaho [ka indastering ea oli le khase] e ka ’na ea se ke ea tsamaea kapele kamoo ho neng ho reriloe kateng.
Naha e nka mehato ea ho khothaletsa matsete le ho fihlela lebelo le reriloeng la kaho. ”
Tlholisano e seng ea theko
Ho na le bonyane libapali tse 30 'marakeng oa li-anti-corrosive coatings tsa Russia, ho latela Industrial Coatings. Libapali tse etellang pele kantle ho naha ke Hempel, Jotun, International Protective Coatings, Steelpaint, PPG Industries, Permatex, Teknos, hara tse ling.
Barekisi ba kholo ka ho fetisisa ba Russia ke Akrus, VMP, Russia Paints, Empils, Moscow Chemical Plant, ZM Volga le Raduga.
Lilemong tse hlano tse fetileng, lik'hamphani tse ling tseo e seng tsa Russia, ho kenyeletsa Jotun, Hempel le PPG li entse tlhahiso ea liphahlo tse thibelang ho bola naheng ea Russia. Ho na le mabaka a hlakileng a moruo ka mor'a qeto e joalo. Nako ea ho khutlisa ea ho hlahisa liaparo tse ncha tse thibelang ho bola 'marakeng oa Russia pakeng tsa lilemo tse tharo ho isa ho tse hlano, ho hakanngoa hore Azamat Gareev, hlooho ea ZIT Rossilber.
Ho ea ka Industrial Coatings, karolo ena ea 'maraka oa liaparo tsa Russia e ka hlalosoa e le oligopsony - mofuta oa' maraka oo palo ea bareki e leng nyenyane. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, palo ea barekisi e kholo. Moreki e mong le e mong oa Russia o na le litlhoko tsa hae tse thata tsa kahare, barekisi ba tlameha ho latela. Phapang pakeng tsa litlhoko tsa bareki e ka ba khōlō.
Ka lebaka leo, ena ke e 'ngoe ea likarolo tse' maloa tsa indasteri ea liaparo tsa Russia, moo theko e seng har'a lintlha tse ka sehloohong tse khethollang tlhokahalo.
Ka mohlala, Rosneft e fane ka tumello ea mefuta e 224 ea liphahlo tse thibelang ho bola, ho latela tlaleho ea Serussia ea barekisi ba liphahlo tsa indasteri ea oli le khase. Ha ho bapisoa, Gazprom e amohetse likhoele tse 55 mme Transneft e 34 feela.
Likarolong tse ling, karolo ea thepa e tsoang kantle ho naha e phahame haholo. Ka mohlala, lik'hamphani tsa Russia li kenya liperesente tse ka bang 80 tsa liphahlo bakeng sa merero ea kantle ho naha.
Tlhōlisano ea 'maraka oa Russia bakeng sa liphahlo tse thibelang ho senya li matla haholo, ho boletse Dmitry Smirnov, mookameli oa kakaretso oa Moscow Chemical Plant. Sena se sutumelletsa k'hamphani ho tsamaisana le tlhokahalo le ho qala tlhahiso ea likhoele tse ncha lilemo tse 'maloa. Khamphani e boetse e tsamaisa litsi tsa lits'ebeletso, e laolang kopo ea ho roala, o ile a eketsa.
"Lik'hamphani tsa liphahlo tsa Russia li na le bokhoni bo lekaneng ba ho holisa tlhahiso, e leng ho ka fokotsang ho tsoa kantle ho naha. Liaparo tse ngata tsa lik'hamphani tsa oli le khase, ho kenyeletsoa le merero ea kantle ho naha, li hlahisoa limela tsa Russia. Matsatsing ana, ho ntlafatsa boemo ba moruo, bakeng sa linaha tsohle, ke habohlokoa ho eketsa tlhahiso ea thepa ea tlhahiso ea bona, "ho boletse Dubrobsky.
Khaello ea lisebelisoa tse tala bakeng sa tlhahiso ea li-anti-corrosive coatings e thathamisitsoe har'a lisosa tse thibelang lik'hamphani tsa Russia ho atolosa karolo ea tsona 'marakeng, Industrial Coatings e tlaleha, e qotsa bahlahlobisisi ba maraka a lehae. Ka mohlala, ho na le khaello ea li-aliphatic isocyanate, li-epoxy resin, lerōle la zinki le mebala e meng.
Indasteri ea lik'hemik'hale e itšetlehile haholo ka thepa e tala e tsoang linaheng tse ling 'me e ela hloko litheko tsa eona. Ka lebaka la nts'etsopele ea lihlahisoa tse ncha Russia le ho kenya sebaka sa thepa, ho na le mekhoa e metle mabapi le phepelo ea thepa e tala bakeng sa indasteri ea liaparo, "Dubrobsky o itse.
"Hoa hlokahala ho eketsa bokhoni ho ea pele ho qothisana lehlokoa, mohlala, le barekisi ba Asia. Li-fillers, li-pigment, li-resin, haholo-holo alkyd le epoxy, joale li ka laeloa ho bahlahisi ba Russia. 'Maraka oa li-hardeners tsa isocyanate le li-additives tse sebetsang li fanoa haholo-holo ka thepa e tsoang linaheng tse ling. Bokhoni ba ho nts'etsapele tlhahiso ea rona ea likarolo tsena bo tlameha ho buisanoa boemong ba mmuso. ”
Li-coatings bakeng sa merero ea offshore sebakeng sa pono
Morero oa pele oa Russia o lebopong la leoatle e bile sethala sa Prirazlomnaya lebopong la leoatle se manganga leqhoa se hlahisang oli Leoatleng la Pechora, ka boroa ho Novaya Zemlya. Gazprom e ile ea khetha Chartek 7 ho tloha International Paint Ltd. Ho tlalehoa hore k'hamphani e ile ea reka lik'hilograma tse 350,000 tsa liaparo bakeng sa tšireletso e khahlanong le ho senya ea sethaleng.
Khamphani e 'ngoe ea oli ea Russia Lukoil esale e sebetsa sethaleng sa Korchagin ho tloha 2010 le sethala sa Philanovskoe ho tloha 2018, ka bobeli Leoatleng la Caspian.
Jotun o fane ka liphahlo tse thibelang ho bola bakeng sa morero oa pele le Hempel bakeng sa oa bobeli. Karolong ena, litlhoko tsa ho roala li thata ka ho khetheha, kaha ho tsosolosoa ha 'muelli oa molao ka tlas'a metsi ha ho khonehe.
Tlhokahalo ea liphahlo tse thibelang ho bola bakeng sa karolo ea kantle ho naha e hokahane le bokamoso ba indasteri ea lefats'e ea oli le khase. Russia e na le hoo e ka bang karolo ea 80 lekholong ea oli le khase e bolokiloeng ka tlas'a shelofo ea Arctic le libaka tse ngata tse kileng tsa hlahlojoa.
Ha ho bapisoa, US e na le liperesente tse 10 feela tsa lisebelisoa tsa lishelefo, e lateloa ke Canada, Denmark, Greenland le Norway, e arolang karolo ea 10 lekholong har'a bona. Ho hakanngoa hore mehloli ea oli ea Russia e ka bang libilione tse hlano e lekana le oli. Norway ke motsotsoana o hole o nang le lithane tse bilione tsa mehloli e netefalitsoeng.
"Empa ka mabaka a 'maloa - moruo le tikoloho - lisebelisoa tseo li ka' na tsa se ke tsa fumanoa," ho boletse Anna Kireeva, mohlahlobi oa mokhatlo o sireletsang tikoloho Bellona. "Ho ea ka likhakanyo tse ngata, tlhokahalo ea lefats'e ea oli e ka phahama hang ha lilemo tse 'nè ho tloha joale, ka 2023. Lichelete tse ngata tsa lichelete tsa' muso tse neng li hahiloe holim'a oli le tsona li ikhula matsete a lekaleng la oli - mohato o ka susumetsang Lichelete tsa lefats'e li tloha holima mafura a khale ha mebuso le bo-ramatsete ba litsi ba ntse ba kenya chelete molemong oa matla a ka nchafatsoang. ”
Ka nako e ts'oanang, ts'ebeliso ea khase ea tlhaho e lebelletsoe ho hola nakong ea lilemo tse 20 ho isa ho tse 30 tse tlang - 'me khase ke karolo e kholo ea thepa ea Russia eseng shelefong ea Arctic feela empa hape le mobung. Mopresidente Vladimir Putin o itse o ikemiselitse ho etsa Russia mofani e moholo ka ho fetisisa oa lefats'e oa khase ea tlhaho - tebello e sa lebelloang e fanoeng ke tlhōlisano ea Moscow ho tloha Middle East, Kireeva a phaella.
Leha ho le joalo, lik'hamphani tsa oli tsa Russia li boletse hore projeke ea sethala e kanna ea fetoha bokamoso ba indasteri ea oli le khase ea Russia.
E 'ngoe ea libaka tse ka sehloohong tsa maano a Rosneft ke nts'etsopele ea lisebelisoa tsa hydrocarbon shelf ea kontinenteng, k'hamphani e boletse.
Kajeno, ha hoo e batlang e le libaka tsohle tse kholo tsa oli le khase tsa lebopong li sibolloa le ho ntlafatsoa, 'me ha theknoloji le tlhahiso ea oli ea shale li ntse li hola ka potlako, taba ea hore bokamoso ba tlhahiso ea oli ea lefats'e bo teng shelefong ea kontinente ea Leoatle la Lefatše ke ntho e ke keng ea latoloa, Rosneft. e boletse polelong ea eona webosaeteng ea eona. Shelofo ea Russia e na le sebaka se seholo ka ho fetisisa lefatšeng: lik'hilomithara tse fetang limilione tse tšeletseng 'me Rosneft ke eona e kholo ka ho fetisisa e nang le mangolo a tumello bakeng sa raka ea k'honthinente ea Russia, khampani e ile ea eketsa.
Nako ea poso: Apr-17-2024
